Literature and Other Resources

Andrew W. Appel, Modern Compiler Implementation in C, Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-521-58390-X (reprinted with corrections, 1999; reissued, 2004).

It can be bought in the university bookstore for kr. 479.

Errata etc. can be found via the book home page.

My supplement to the errata, i.e., additional misprints not yet registered by the authors.

Supplementary literature and material (will be updated as needed)

• If you do not already know the C programming language, you are recommended to purchase the following book:

  Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis Ritchie, The C Programming Language, 2. eds., Prentice Hall, 1988.

  As an alternative one can use the WWW-book by Holmes.

• Flex - The Fast Lexical Analyzer: project repository, releases, manual, 2.5.37 (pdf), manual, 2.6.2 (IMADA runs version 2.6.0, but the differences are negligible).

• A first flex definition file - so you have one you know should work! To run, carry out the following command line steps (where your input to the resulting scanner is on the file INPUT):

  flex first.l

  gcc lex.yy.c

  ./a.out < INPUT

• Bison - The YACC-Compatible Parser Generator: manual.

• GNU Make: manual (IMADA runs version 4.1).

• Examples of nested scope in C and Python

• Kim S. Larsen, Supplementary Notes for DM546, February 13, 2018.

  It comes in two versions. It's the same material, but font size, and therefore number of pages, differ. You can print as you always do as regular A4 in 11pt (20 pages) or just read it electronically. Alternatively, if you like print, you can get it as an A5 booklet (25 logical / 14 physical pages / 7 duplex pages). The latter is in my opinion nicer, but requires that you can print 2-sided and can staple in the middle of an A4 page -

  A4 (pdf)

  Print as you normally do.

  A5 booklet (pdf)

  Use acroread, for example, print 2-sided, short-edge binding.

  A5 booklet (ps)

  For direct duplex postscript printing.

  A5 booklet (ps, recto-verso)

  For direct duplex postscript printing on a recto-verso printer.

• GNU Assembler Manual and the X86 Wiki.

• In case you use other sources for assembler, you may come across the Intel syntax - here are the primary differences between Intel and ATT syntax (the page is for 32 bit, where we use 64 - this just means that you should read registers such as eax as rax and operators such as movl as movq).

• GNU Assembler Program Examples: first.s, testglobalvar.s, myfactorial-annotated.s. In first.s, everything has been done "correctly", saving all callee and caller save registers at any call point. In myfactorial-annotated.s, this part has been abbreviated to just saving one representative every time.

• If you wonder how a particular feature is implemented in assembler, try writing a simple C program and translates to assember using gcc -S - here it is done for division as an example: div.c, div.s.

• You can also use godbolt.org to play around with high-level to assembler compilations.

• Try pythontutor.com to see stack frames in action. You can for instance try it on the factorial program in C from the course home page. To see the accumulation of the result better, declare a variable res in fac and assign the result to res and then execute return res. I have done it and you should be able to see the result here on a generated permanent link.

• A complete stack frame layout.

• A note on lattices and fixed points.

• The simplify-select example from the lecture can be found as Figure 4 in Register Allocation by Graph Coloring.

• Copies of lecture notes have been handed out for the following topics (there are 4 slides per piece of paper, single-sided):
  1. Scanner (4 slides)
  2. Scanner & parser (18 slides)
  3. Abstract syntax trees (14 slides)
  4. Symbol tabels & scope (8 slides)
  5. Call conventions and stack layout (3 slides)
  6. Register allocation via liveness analyse (19 slides)
  7. Garbage collection (22 slides)